初级笔译试题

注 意 事 项

1. 请按要求在试题卷和答题卷的标封处填写姓名、准考证号等；

2. 请仔细阅读题目要求进行答题，答案写在答题卷上；

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4. 答题时间为150分钟。

Part I Translate the following sentences into English or into Chinese.

1.中国的现代化建设要依靠改革，也离不开开放。

2.加入世贸组织后，中国将会进一步开放市场。

3.中国特别鼓励外商投资高新技术产业和农业。

4.在世界经济不景气的情况下，欧盟企业越来越看好中国的市场。

5.目前，中国政治稳定，经济发展，社会和谐。

6.Imagine this scenario:If a country is exporting more than it is importing, it has a balance of trade surplus.

7.The Wall Street crash of 1929 and the following Great Depression had an enormous impact on the U.S. economy.

8.Interest-rate cuts affect the real economy by a number of transmission channels.

9.The decade following World War I was a period of boom in the U.S. due to post-war optimism and a drastic change in the lifestyle of Americans.

10.The first lesson about making decisions can be summarized in a adage: “There is no such thing as a free lunch.”

Part ⅡTranslate the following passages into Chinese.

Passage 1

    China’s economic performance is perhaps without precedent for an emerging economy. Since 2000, its GDP growth averaged almost 10 percent annually, even when accounting for the recent slowdown, which reflects the rapid maturation of its economy. While the US economy has added 15.4 percent to world GDP growth over the past 15 years, China has added 26.6 percent to world economic output. China has contributed more to global expansion over the past 15 years than the Eurozone and the United States combined.

    This rapid growth transformed China into the world’s second-largest economy, even if overall living standards hardly compare with those of the most industrialized economies. China’s increase in size after 2000 is equivalent to adding another Germany and France to the world economy.

Passage 2

    I visualize China as a potential partner in the construction of a world order. Of course, if that does not succeed, we will be in a position of conflict, but my thinking is based on the need to avoid that situation. So, our problem is not to find allies around the world with which to confront China.

    Our fundamental problem should be to find solutions to some of the problems that concern us both. So, this particular approach of beginning a new administration with finding an additional ally against a country with which we should have a cooperative relationship is simply not correct. And the only reason to even talk about it is because it illustrates something important about the present world: neither China nor America need allies to fight each other. What we need is concepts by which we can work together to set limits to conflicts. So that is my basic view.

Part III Translate the following passages into English.

Passage 1

    林毅夫认为，对于弯道超车型产业，我们跟发达国家比，许多方面并不逊色，所缺的是金融资本。资本方面我们还不如发达国家，但是人力资本方面，我们跟发达国家比较起来，基本没有劣势。

林毅夫认为，普遍来说，人力资本包含两部分，一个是所谓的“后天培养”。从幼儿园开始到大学到研究生，我们现在在这些教育上跟发达国家的差距其实不大。另外，由于我们是人口大国，人才多、天才也多，所以我们在短周期产品研发创新方面的人才也多。

注释：

弯道超车型产业：curve-overtaking industries

短周期产品：short-cycle products

Passage 2

如何打造良好的团队

首席执行官是团队里最重要的角色。首席执行官的聪明程度、逻辑思考能力等特质当然非常重要，但是最重要的还是抗压能力。许多创业者必须在面对激烈竞争的同时，还要考虑对员工负责，对投资人负责，由此带来的精神压力可见一斑。我还想强调团队文化建设的重要性。在我看来，当你拥有了最初 500 名员工，那就是打造团队文化最重要的时刻。一家企业必须从一开始就着手打造优质的团队文化，培养员工的创业精神；团队太庞大，文化建设就会很困难。

初级笔译参考答案

一．句子

汉译英

1.China's modernization will not be accomplished without reform, nor will it be achieved without opening-up.

2.The post-accession Chinese market is going to be more open.

3.China encourages foreign investment in hi-tech industry and agriculture in particular.

4.The EU enterprises are giving more confidence to the Chinese market under the background of global economic recession.

5.8At present, China is enjoying political stability, economic progress and social harmony. The Chinese people are happy about their lives and work.

英译汉

1. 设想一下如下情况：如果一个国家的出口大于进口，该国则拥有贸易顺差。

2. 1929年的华尔街崩盘和随后的大萧条，对美国经济产生了巨大影响。

3.降息通过一系列传导渠道对实体经济产生影响。

4.由于战后的乐观情绪和美国人生活方式的急剧变化，第一次世界大战后的十年是美国的繁荣时期。

5.关于作出决策的第一课，可以归纳为一句谚语：“天下没有免费的午餐。

二．文章

英译汉

1.

对于一个新兴经济体而言，中国的经济发展几乎是史无前例的。自2000年以来，即使考虑到近期的经济放缓，中国的GDP年均增长率仍接近10％，这反映了中国经济的快速成熟。在过去15年中，虽然美国经济为全球经济增长贡献了15.4％，但中国对世界经济的产出贡献高达26.6％。 在过去15年中，中国对全球经济增长的贡献率，超过了欧元区和美国的总和。

这种快速增长使中国成为了世界第二大经济体，即使中国的总体生活水平与高度工业化经济体还不能相比。 2000年后，中国对世界经济的增长规模，相当于增加了一个德国和一个法国。

2．

我把中国视为潜在的构建世界秩序的合作伙伴。当然，如果不成功，我们两国将会处于冲突状态。但我的基本出发点是，有必要避免这种情况的发生。所以，我们的问题不是在世界上寻找盟友来对抗中国。

我们的根本问题是，应该找到我们两国共同关心的一些问题的解决方案。因此，美国新政府另外寻找盟友，用以对抗一个美国本应发展合作关系的国家，这种特别的做法是不正确的。我谈论此事的唯一理由，关乎当今世界一个重要的事实：中国和美国都不需要盟友来进行彼此对抗，我们需要的是一种理念，在这种理念下共同努力，限制冲突的发生，这是我的基本观点。

汉译英

1.

Justin（Yifu）Lin believes that China’s curve-overtaking industries are not inferior in comparison with developed countries in many respects, and what we lack is financial capital.

In terms of capital, we really pale in comparison. In terms of human capital, however, we have generally no disadvantages.

Justin（Yifu）Lin believes that human capital generally consists of two parts, one is the so-called “nurture”. China’s education, starting from kindergarten to university and further to postgraduate studies, is not so much behind those of developed countries. In addition, we have talents and geniuses that are large in number due to China’s largest population in the world. Therefore, we have more creative talents in the research and development of short-cycle products.

2.

How to build a good team

The CEO plays the most important role in the team. Some of his traits, such as intelligence, logical thinking etc, are very important, of course. But the most important thing is his ability to withstand pressure. While facing fierce competition, many entrepreneurs must consider being responsible for their employees as well as their investors, and that gives one a rough idea of how much mental stress they must have endured. I also want to emphasize the importance of building a desired culture within your team. In my opinion, the most important moment to build a team culture is when you have the first 500 employees. A company must start from the very beginning to build a great team culture and inspire an entrepreneurial spirit among employees before it becomes too large to build a desired one.