State-owned Economy 国有经济

The state-owned economy is a crucial part of China's socialist market economy. It refers to enterprises where the production materials are owned by the state. These enterprises are often large-scale and play a significant role in key industries such as energy, telecommunications, and transportation. For example, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and China Mobile are well-known state-owned enterprises that have made significant contributions to the country's economic growth and social development.

国有经济是中国社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分。它指的是生产资料归国家所有的企业。这些企业通常是大型企业，在能源、电信和交通等关键行业发挥着重要作用。例如，中国石油天然气集团公司（CNPC）和中国移动是著名的国有企业，为国家的经济增长和社会发展做出了重要贡献。

Collective Economy 集体经济

The collective economy is another important component of China's economy. It refers to enterprises where the production materials are owned collectively by a group of people, usually in rural areas. These enterprises are often involved in agriculture, manufacturing, and services. They play a vital role in promoting rural development and increasing farmers' income.

集体经济是中国经济的另一个重要组成部分。它指的是生产资料由一群人集体所有，通常是在农村地区。这些企业通常涉及农业、制造业和服务业。它们在促进农村发展和增加农民收入方面发挥着重要作用。

Private Economy 民营经济

The private economy has been growing rapidly in China in recent years. It refers to enterprises where the production materials are owned by individuals or families. Private enterprises are highly flexible and innovative, and they have become an important force in promoting economic growth and job creation. For example, Huawei and Tencent are well-known private enterprises that have achieved remarkable success in their respective fields.

民营经济近年来在中国迅速发展。它指的是生产资料由个人或家庭拥有的企业。民营企业具有高度的灵活性和创新性，已成为促进经济增长和就业创造的重要力量。例如，华为和腾讯是在各自领域取得显著成功的民营企业。

Individual Economy 个体经济

The individual economy is a type of economic activity where individuals or families operate small businesses on their own. These businesses are usually small in scale and involve a wide range of activities, such as retail, catering, and services. The individual economy is an important part of China's market economy and provides a large number of employment opportunities.

个体经济是指个人或家庭独立经营的小型企业。这些企业通常规模较小，涉及零售、餐饮和服务等多种活动。个体经济是中国市场经济的重要组成部分，提供了大量的就业机会。

Joint Venture Economy 合资经济

The joint venture economy refers to economic activities where different types of enterprises or institutions jointly invest and operate. This type of economy combines the advantages of different ownerships and has strong competitiveness. For example, some joint ventures between state-owned enterprises and private enterprises have achieved good economic benefits and social benefits.

合资经济是指不同类型的企业或机构共同投资和经营的经济活动。这种经济类型结合了不同所有制的优势，具有较强的竞争力。例如，一些国有企业和民营企业之间的合资企业取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。

Shareholding Economy 股份制经济

The shareholding economy is a type of economic organization where shareholders jointly invest and share risks and profits. This type of economy is widely used in China and has played an important role in promoting the development of the private economy and the transformation of state-owned enterprises. For example, many private enterprises and state-owned enterprises have adopted the shareholding system to improve their management level and market competitiveness.

股份制经济是一种经济组织形式，股东共同投资并分享风险和利润。这种经济类型在中国广泛使用，在促进民营经济发展和国有企业转型方面发挥了重要作用。例如，许多民营企业和国有企业采用了股份制，以提高管理水平和市场竞争力。

Foreign-invested Economy 外商投资经济

The foreign-invested economy refers to economic activities where foreign investors invest and operate in China. This type of economy has brought advanced technology, management experience, and capital to China, and has played an important role in promoting China's economic development and international cooperation. For example, many multinational companies have invested and established factories in China, such as Apple and Samsung.

外商投资经济是指外国投资者在中国投资和经营的经济活动。这种经济类型为中国带来了先进的技术、管理经验和资本，在促进中国经济发展和国际合作方面发挥了重要作用。例如，许多跨国公司在中国投资建厂，如苹果和三星。

编辑 | ETTBL商务英语翻译
翻译｜Romola
来源｜网络
声明｜配图取自网络，仅供学习分享使用，侵删