blame

用法：

普通用词，语气较弱，作及物动词时表示一般性的“责备、归咎于”，不含用语言责骂之意。Blame用作不及物动词时，可接for表示责怪的原因；接on则指“把责任推卸给某人”。

牛津词典释义：

to say or think that someone or something did something wrong or is responsible for something bad happening

来看看例句：

• Don't blame me (= it is not my fault) if you miss the bus!

  如果你没赶上公车可别怪我！

• Hugh blames his mother for his lack of confidence.

  休把自己缺乏自信心归咎于他的母亲。

• All of the participants were asked whom or what they blamed for the trauma.

  所有的参与者都被问及他们对创伤所责备的人或事。

accuse

用法 :

accuse的基本意思是“控告; 控诉; 谴责”, 语气比blame强，在正式场合或非正式场合、私人或法律上都可使用。在主语方面,主要指官方或个人对某人或他人进行直接地、尖刻地、当面地指责,有时含有诋毁或非难的意思。

牛津词典释义：

to say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind

来看看例句：

• "It wasn't my fault." "Don't worry, I'm not accusing you."

  “不是我的错。”“别担心，我不是在指责你。”

• The surgeon was accused of negligence.

  这名外科医生被控玩忽职守。

• She's been accused of acting dishonestly.

  她被指责行为不诚实。

condemn

用法：

正式用词，表示谴责，有较强的司法意味，通常指出于道义而谴责，指责。

牛津词典释义：

to criticize something or someone strongly, usually for moral reasons

来看看例句：

• Most people are willing to condemn violence.

  大部分的人极力谴责暴力。

• The Opposition has condemned the government's proposed tax increases.

  反对派谴责政府的增税建议。

• She was the only politician to condemn the proposed law on moral grounds .

  她是唯一一位以道德理由来谴责拟议法律的政治家。

scold

用法：

可指上级对下级，长辈对晚辈，老师对学生，雇主对雇员的不满或对举止不规的责备、责怪，也指对严重错误、琐事的抱怨。

牛津词典释义：

to speak to someone angrily because you disapprove of their behavior

来看看例句：

• We don't scold, but give advice instead and tell them what they should do.

  我们不会责骂，而是给予建议，告诉他们应该怎么做。

• Her father scolded her for breaking his favorite cup.

  她的父亲因为她打碎了最心爱的花瓶而责备她。

• Employees were aware that a longer time spent trying to understand a directive would result in being scolded for not having fulfilled the directive promptly.

  雇员们意识到，如果花较长的时间去理解一项命令，就会因为没有及时履行命令而被责骂。

criticize

用法：

criticize的基本意思是“批评，批判，指责”，指识别某人或某物的优缺点，有时还含有非难或挑剔的意味。

牛津词典释义：

to express disapproval of someone or something

来看看例句：

• She's always criticizing her husband for being sloppy.

  她总是指责她的丈夫做事马虎。

• The mother criticized her son for being too lazy.

  母亲批评儿子太懒了。

• The report strongly criticizes the police for failing to deal with this problem.

  报道强烈批评警方未能解决这个问题。

reproach

用法：

侧重指因为某人没成功或没达到预期目标而责备，责怪，批评，也可表示因他人粗心、自私等引起不满而去指责。

牛津词典释义：

to criticize someone, especially for not being successful or not doing what is expected

来看看例句：

• His mother reproached him for not eating all his dinner.

  他因为吃晚饭时没有把饭全吃完而受到妈妈的责备。

• There is one person who will not be reproached for doing less than his utmost to achieve agreement.

  有一个人不会因为没有尽最大努力来达成协议而受到指责。

• I am not reproaching anybody here: this topic is complex, very technical and is not a work of great literature.

  我不是在这里责备任何人：这个话题很复杂，很有技术性，不是什么伟大的文学作品。

rebuke

用法：

多指上级对下级进行的公开、强烈、严正而不宽容的责备。隐含一定权威的意味。

牛津词典释义：

to speak angrily to someone because you disapprove of what they have said or done

来看看例句：

• The president rebuked the House and Senate for not passing those bills within 100 days.

  总统谴责参众两院没有在100天之内通过那些法案。

• His bad manners earned him a sharp rebuke.

  他因为没有礼貌而受到责备。

• They have the standing to rebuke her for failing to support the satisfaction of those preferences.

  他们有资格斥责她，因为她没有满足这些喜好。