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US jobs growth solid but slowing amid inflation fight

通膨下的美国就业：步伐放缓，增长稳健。

Jobs growth in the US is continuing at a solid, though slowing pace, despite rising prices and higher borrowing costs weighing on the economy.

尽管物价上涨和借贷成本高升对美国的经济造成了冲击，其就业增长速度放缓，但增长仍在继续。

Employers added 261,000 jobs in October, while the unemployment rate rose slightly to 3.7%, the US Labor Department said on Friday. The news comes as the economy remains a top concern for voters ahead of next week's midterm elections. Despite a strong labour market, soaring costs have hit public confidence.

美国劳工部周五表示，雇主在10月份增加了26.1万个工作岗位，而失业率略微上升至3.7%。这一消息来的恰逢其时，在下周的中期选举之前，经济仍是选民最关心的问题。劳动力市场强劲，但成本飙升已经打击了公众的信心。

Consumer prices are rising at a pace not seen since the early 1980s. Inflation, which measures how the cost of living changes over time, is up 8.2% over the 12 months to September. While the rate has slowed since June as motor fuel prices fall, the cost of groceries, medical bills and many other items continues to climb. The issue has weighed on Democrats, who were already fighting an uphill battle to maintain their slim hold of Congress.

当前，消费者价格上涨速度达到了20世纪80年代初以来的最高水平。通货膨胀是衡量生活成本如何随时间变化的指标，在截至9月的12个月内，通货膨胀率上升了8.2%。虽然自6月以来，随着汽车燃料价格的下降，通货膨胀率增长速度已经放缓，但杂货、医疗费用和许多其他物品的成本继续攀升。民主党人为国会席位问题已然焦头烂额，而这一问题无疑又给民主党人带来了压力。

The White House has made the case that some slowdown is expected - and healthy - as the economy returns to normal after the surge in activity when it reopened from lockdowns. And for now, government figures suggest there has only been mild softening in the labour market.

白宫官方解释，随着封锁解开，经济活动激增，经济恢复常态，步伐放缓，稳步增长是意料之中的事。而目前，政府数据表明，劳动力市场只有轻微的软化。

Although the unemployment rate ticked up from 3.5% in September, the 261,000 jobs added last month was far better than economists had expected, with healthcare and manufacturing firms helping to drive the hiring. Wage gains were also strong, despite not keeping pace with inflation, with average hourly pay up 4.7% over the past year.

尽管失业率从9月份的3.5%上升，但上个月增加的26.1万个工作岗位远远好于经济学家的预期，其中医疗保健和制造业公司帮助推动了招聘工作。工资增长也很强劲，尽管没有跟上通货膨胀的步伐，平均每小时工资在过去一年中增长了4.7%。

With prices still rising sharply, however, analysts say they expect to see job losses increase next year, as consumers start to curb their spending and the central bank raises interest rates to rein in rising costs.

然而，据分析师预测，当前物价仍在大幅上涨，明年的失业率或许会增加，因为消费者开始控制支出，且央行提高利率以控制成本上升。

Since March, when interest rates were hovering near zero, the Federal Reserve has hiked borrowing costs six times, moves that have rippled out to the public in the form of sharply higher rates for home, car and business loans. By making borrowing more expensive, the bank hopes to cool demand among businesses and households, in turn easing the pressures pushing up prices. Some sectors, such as housing and technology, have been hit hard already and anecdotal reports of job cuts and hiring freezes have increased, as firms prepare for a downturn.

自3月以来，零利率情况时常出现，为此美联储已六次提高借贷成本，包括大幅提高房贷、车贷和商贷利率，这些举措对公众造成了严重影响。美联储希望通过提高借贷成本，抑制企业和家庭的消费需求，从而缓解推动价格上涨的压力。住房和技术等部分行业已经受到严重打击，关于企业裁员和求职寒冬的传闻已经增加，因为企业正在为经济衰退做准备。

On Thursday, payments firm Stripe on Thursday said it was axing 14% of its workforce, while Lyft, a taxi firm that is Uber's main rival, said it was cutting 700 jobs. Elon Musk told Twitter staff the company would impose widespread job cuts, and Amazon also said it would halt hiring for corporate positions across the company. But the ongoing strength of the labour market has raised hopes that the US may be able to avoid a severe recession.

周四，美国在线支付公司Stripe表示正在裁减14%的员工，而Uber劲敌出租车公司Lyft表示正在裁减700个职位。埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)告诉Twitter员工，公司将进行大范围的裁员，而亚马逊也表示将停止岗位招聘。但是，劳动力市场的持续强势，美国避免大衰退的希望增加。

材料来源：BBC

翻译：Gleen