中级笔译试题及参考答案

注 意 事 项

1. 请按要求在试题卷和答题卷的标封处填写姓名、准考证号等；

2. 请仔细阅读题目要求进行答题，答案写在答题卷上；

3. 请保持卷面整洁，不要在标封区填写无关内容；

4. 答题时间为150分钟。

Part I Translate the following sentences into English or into Chinese.

1.自2012年我国经济增速换挡以来，有关中国经济可能落入“中等收入陷阱”的声音不时响起。

2.中国有13亿人口，占世界人口的20%，消费支出的增长速度比任何一个发达国家都快。

3.近年来，面对世界经济贸易增长减缓，中国政府继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。

4.现代社保体系起源于欧洲，已经历至少100年的发展。

5.我们高兴地看到，目前东南亚国家经济已相继走出金融危机的阴影，重新步入发展轨道。

6.The Alibaba Group, the Chinese e-commerce giant, reported that sales rose more than 60 percent in the latest quarter compared with the same period last year.

7.A product that is truly useful and helps solve a problem for consumers or helps them be more productive is more likely to be recommended by them.

8.The direct trading of the Australian dollar against the Chinese Yuan began on 1 December 2011, as part of China’s efforts to promote the use of its currency.

9.Nothing in Clause 8 shall in any way release the Supplier from any warranty or other obligations under this Contract.

10.International marketing is the multinational process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives.

Part Ⅱ Translate the following passages into Chinese.

Passage 1

Brands Appeal, But Only At the Right Price

Another way in which standard consumer behavior patterns are subject to variation in the Chinese market is reflected in the very methodical way local shoppers decide what they are going to buy. One longstanding tenet of Chinese retailing is that consumers are extremely brand conscious, with some 45% believing that higher pricing corresponds directly to better quality, compared to just 16% in the US and 8% in Japan.

In the same way, far more Chinese consumers are willing to buy more expensive branded products than their counterparts in the rest of the world. While this impression is gradually becoming less pervasive, it remains a core belief and explains why less known brands continue to be less successful in China. It also explains why manufacturers can sometimes boost market share by raising their prices.

However, consumers’ final purchasing decisions are based on more than just branding alone. Indeed, the fact that Chinese consumers are very brand conscious does not necessarily mean they are brand loyal. While consumers tend generally to gravitate towards the biggest brands, the final purchasing choice is very often made on the basis of their assessment of the relative value offered by a handful of competing products.

Passage 2

INVESTMENT AND THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

The digital economy is becoming an ever more important part of the global economy. It offers many new opportunities for inclusive and sustainable development. It also comes with serious policy challenges–starting with the need to bridge the digital divide. Both the opportunities and challenges are top policy priorities for developing countries.

The digital economy is fundamentally changing the way firms produce and market goods and services across borders. Digital multinationals can communicate with and sell to customers overseas without the need for much physical investment in foreign markets. Their economic impact on host countries is thus less directly visible in productive capacity improvement and job creation. And, today, the digital economy is no longer just about the technology sector and digital firms, it is increasingly about the digitalization of supply chains across all sectors of the global economy.

The digital transformation of international production has important implications for investment promotion and facilitation, and for regulations governing investor behaviour. Rules designed for the physical economy may need to be reviewed in light of new digital business models. Some countries have already taken steps to modernize policies; others face the risk of letting rules become obsolete or of unintentionally slowing down digital development.

Because it is not just about digital multinationals. It is also about developing domestic digital capacities. Many countries around the world have development strategies for the digital economy. Yet most of these strategies fail to adequately address investment issues. For those that do tend to focus exclusively on investment in telecommunication infrastructure, the investment policy dimension of digital development strategies should be broadened to enabling domestic firms to reap the benefits of digitalization and easier access to global markets.

Part III Translate the following passages into English.

                                                             Passage 1

中国经过40年改革开放，已经建立了全球最完备之工业体系，优良的基础设施，培养了大量的现代产业技术工人和工程师，成为今天全球化产业链、供应链和价值链之枢纽。今天产业发展受困于成本的提升，特别是体制成本的快速上升，如果我们能把成本有效地降下来，那么谁又能与中国竞争？

更何况，从消费端来看，中国同时也拥有世界最大的人口基数、消费市场以及未来数字经济的巨大潜力。过去5年中国政府做的最正确的一项政策，就是投入巨资打造了一张巨大的经济网络，把14亿人有效地连接在一起，实现了人和人之间的连接，人和物的连接，包括未来潜在的物和物的连接。万物联通形成的就是一个数据的海洋，为消费的升级、新旧动能的转化、和经济的转型培育了肥沃的土壤。

Passage 2

美国打贸易战严重冲击正在复苏的世界经济，但经济全球化进程不会改变。去年，全球经济出现了自2008年全球金融危机以来首次同步性增长，经合组织（OECD）监测的45个经济体全部实现正增长，带动全球经济增速达到3.8%。伴随全球经济的复苏，货物和服务贸易实际增长4.9%，超过GDP增速1.1个百分点。美国在世界范围内挑起贸易战，引发全球性贸易摩擦升级，不仅增大了全球经济的不确定性，而且掀起了一股贸易保护主义和“反全球化”的逆流。当今世界，经济全球化是不可阻挡的历史潮流。个别国家逆潮流一意孤行，只会使经济全球化更加曲折，而不会改变经济全球化的大势。

中级笔译参考答案

一．句子

汉译英

1. Since China’s economy switched gears into a new phase of development in 2012, there have been claims from time to time that China’s economy may fall into the "middle income trap".

2. China has a population of 1.3 billion, accounting for 20% of the world’s population and the growth of its consumer expenditure is faster than anywhere else in the world.

3. Against the backdrop of the international economic and trade slowdown in recent years, the Chinese government continues to implement the proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy.

4. Modern social security systems originated from Europe where developments have continued for over 100 years.

5. We are delighted to note that now the Southeast Asian countries have shaken off the shadow of the financial crisis in succession and returned to the track of development.

英译汉

1.中国电子商务巨头阿里巴巴集团报告称，与去年同期相比，最新一季度的销售额增长了60％以上。

2.真正有用的、帮助消费者解决问题的或帮助消费者提高效率的产品，其受到消费者推荐的可能性更大。

3.作为中国促进人民币使用的一部分，澳元与人民币的直接交易始于2011年12月1日。

4.合同条款第8条的规定，不能免除卖方在本合同项下的保证义务或其他义务。

5. 国际营销是一种多国参与的过程，这一过程对于一些创意、产品和服务的观念、定价、推销和分配加以规划并执行，目的在于推交换，以实现个人和组织的目标。

二．文章

英译汉

1.

品牌引领，价格也要合适

标准消费者行为模式受到中国市场变化影响的另一种方式，反映在中国消费者决定购买何物时所采用的方法上。中国零售业长期不变的信条是：消费者非常注重品牌，有45％的消费者认为，更高的价格直接对应更好的质量，而美国持此观点的消费者仅为16％，日本为8％。

同样，与世界其他地区的消费者相比，有更多的中国消费者愿意购买贵重的品牌产品。虽然这种印象逐渐有所减弱，但仍不失为一个核心理念，该理念可解释为什么不够知名的品牌在中国的持续不够成功，也解释了为什么制造商有时可通过提高价格来提升市场份额。

然而，消费者的最终购买决策不仅仅基于品牌。事实上，中国消费者注重品牌并不意味着他们具有（很高的）品牌忠诚度。虽然消费者往往倾向于那些最大的品牌，但最终的选择往往基于对少数竞争产品相对价值的评估。

2．

投资与数字经济

数字经济正在成为全球经济中越来越重要的组成部分，为包容性和可持续发展提供了许多新的机会，也带来了严峻的政策挑战，其中首先是要弥合数字鸿沟。对于发展中国家而言，机遇和挑战都是最重要的政策优先选项。

数字经济正在从根本上改变着企业跨境生产和销售产品及服务的方式。数字跨国公司可以与海外客户进行沟通和销售，而无需在国外市场进行太多的实物投资。因此，它们在生产能力的提升和创造就业方面，对东道国的影响显得不是那么直接。而且在当下，数字经济不再只是关乎技术领域和数字公司，而是越来越关乎全球经济所有领域供应链的数字化。

国际生产的数字化转型对于促进投资、投资便利化以及投资者行为法规的建设，均具有重要意义，对于实体经济的一些规定也需要根据新的数字商业模式进行审核。一些国家已经采取步骤使其相关政策现代化，另一些国家人则面临相关规定过时，或无意中使数字化发展进程减缓的风险。

数字化转型不仅仅与数字跨国公司有关，还涉及到国内数字化能力的发展。世界上许多国家都制定了数字经济的发展战略，但其中大多数策略未能充分解决投资方面的问题。如果确实有意专注电信基础设施投资，就应拓展数字发展战略中的投资政策，使国内企业从数字化中获益，并更加易于进入全球市场。

汉译英

1.

After 40 years of reform and opening up, China has established the most complete industrial system in the world. Equipped with excellent infrastructure and a huge number of technical workers and engineers needed for modern industry, China has become the hub of industrial chains, supply chains and value chains of the globe. China’s industrial development is currently hampered by an escalation of costs, particularly by the rapid rise of institutional costs. If we can effectively reduce costs,  who can really then compete against China?

What's more, from the perspective of consumers, China has the world's largest population and (largest) consumer market, and a huge future potential of the digital economy. One of the best policies ever implemented in the past five years is for the Chinese government to have invested huge sums of money, creating a huge economic network that effectively connects 1.4 billion people, including connections between people and people and between people and goods, and potential connections between goods and goods. Such connectivity produces a vast sea of data, providing fertile ground for the upgrading of consumption, transformation from the old driving forces to the new ones, and transformation of the economy in general.

2.

The trade war launched by the United States has seriously affected the world economy that is under recovery, but the process of economic globalization can not be challenged. Last year, the global economy achieved for the first time synchronous growth since the 2008 global financial crisis. The 45 economies under the OECD surveillance all achieved positive growth, leading to 3.8% growth of the global economy. With the recovery of the global economy, the trade in goods and services increased by 4.9% in real terms, exceeding the growth rate of GDP by 1.1 percentage points. The United States has started a trade war around the world, triggering an escalation of global trade frictions, which not only increased uncertainty in the global economy, but also unleashed a wave of trade protectionism and anti-globalization. In today's world, economic globalization is an irresistible historical trend. The deliberate and desperate attempt to reverse the trend by a few countries is no more than a bump in the road on the way to economic globalization, which will never be stopped from moving forward.